Oh nice, here's a topic I can make a contribution to! I won't get into a rant about the generic, empty, overproduced, lowest common denominator trash happily being fed to the drooling sheep-like masses who treat music as nothing more than background noise, by 'artists' who are nothing more than hired voices, and the ridiculously pathetic jokes that music 'awards' have become, here. But I would like to mention some music I enjoy because as an audiophile I truly do care about it and consider it one of the most important things in my life, which has helped me through some tough times.
First off I will say that to me the single most important aspect of any song is the lyrics, words have power and are important, your subconscious will internalise anything you listen to even if you don't. They also happen to be the most common failure of music, which is partly why I absolutely love Post-Rock, which doesn't have lyrics and doesn't need them to evoke a depth of emotion often beyond anything with words could. It doesn't matter how much I like the sound of a song, if the lyrics are crap I'm going to pass on it. There are a few bands in this thread I might check out, honestly there's just too much out there to even know what to check out, I try to listen to at least one new album each week, sometimes a whole discography, but it's like a drop in the ocean. I see Dream Theater and Opeth on your list TwoPiece, I remember planning to listen to them along with a bunch of stuff I got when I was a teen, unfortunately I only got through half of it before my pc at the time was stolen (I only had a backup of the songs I liked, not my whole collection) so I never got to those particular two, maybe I should revisit that, I've been on a bit of a symphonic/progressive metal bender lately.
How did you guys start developing your own tastes and discovering new things? Honestly my parents didn't have their own taste so that wasn't an influence. For me strangely enough it started as a young teen with the NFS Most Wanted soundtrack, specifically the tracks by Bullet For My Valentine and Disturbed, then spiralled out from there in all sorts of interesting directions. So while I started with metal and still enjoy it greatly I must say that I really dislike screaming and really heavy stuff, it has no musical value to me and I can't even understand what's being said. There are various exceptions of course but 90% of the time the screaming/growling parts would be immeasurably better and elevate the entire song if just sung normally. I don't find metal energetic or angry (well, I don't listen to the angry stuff) and don't head bang etc, I listen past the surface level of all that to the underlying melody, mood and lyrics. Anyway I'll just throw some out there from the 200 or so bands I have folders for. All my music, as with everything, is meticulously organised, I have a folder for each band with only the songs I like from them inside, the full albums are elsewhere, I don't use playlists or stream music and only listen to songs from one band at a time because I like consistency. I also often repeat a group of songs I like for an entire day or one song for a couple hours because hearing it just once is like taking a single bite of chocolate and putting the rest away for a month, you can't really dig into it in a satisfying way. If it's a new-to-me album I really like, in some cases I've spent a week listening to it. I also don't watch music videos, read about the bands or their members, or even look at photos of them if I can help it, because it would interfere with my own interpretation of what I'm listening to which I base purely on the song itself and what I see/hear in it.
Metal/Rock:
Bullet For My Valentine
In Flames
JORN (recently listened to their rock opera for the first time, Dracula Swing of Death, highly recommended!)
Chevelle
Within Temptation
Disturbed
Dragonland (Astronomy is a masterpiece album, in my top 5 all time)
Beyond Twilight (For The Love of Art and The Making is an incredible ride of an experimental album)
Epica (recently got into these guys, lots of good stuff)
Flyleaf
Kamelot
Lunatica
Machinae Supremacy
Metallica (I only just got their discography, have yet to listen through it all, so just a few songs I've always liked for now)
Queen (early this year listened to full discography (original japanese pressings), love the first two albums Queen and Queen II, definitely my favourites, surprisingly fantasy metal-ish)
The Gaslight Anthem (really great down to earth rock)
Pink Floyd(mostly just The Dark Side of The Moon, everything before it was boring, everything after The Wall was too generically 80's)
Apocalyptica
Crippled Black Phoenix
Post-Rock:
Balmorhea (#2 favourite, sublimely unique)
Explosions in The Sky(#1, saw them live and almost left a sticky chair behind, some of their songs can leave a tear in my eye from the pure beauty)
God Is An Astronaut (spacey post-rock, incredible)
Glorie
Helios
If These Trees Could Talk
Mogwai
The American Dollar
65daysofstatic
Collapse Under The Empire
Maybeshewill
Sleepmakeswaves
This Will Destroy You
Electronic-ish, beats:
PILOTPRIEST(simply wonderful slightly retro synth sound)
Boogie Belgique (incredible, think the genre is called Electro-Swing, Caravan Palace are famous for it but I straight up deleted them after hearing this)
BADBADNOTGOOD(used to think they were a lot better until I heard Boogie Belgique)
Brock Berrigan
Broke For FreeDaft Punk (The Alive 2007 album specifically)
Lindsey Stirling
Lazerhawk
Pendulum(first album Hold Your Colour only)
Ratatat
Tom Day(just beautiful)
Punk/Indie/Alternative:
Broken Bells
Choir of Young Believers
Dead Man's Bones(utterly unique and wonderful, didn't know for years but freaking Ryan Gosling helped make the one and only album

)
Devotchka
Florence + The Machine
Freelance Whales
I Am Oak
In The Valley Below
Jake Bugg
Kasabian(fantastic)
Kyte
Michael Kiwanuka
Midnight Juggernauts
Ou est Le Swimming Pool
Puggy
Team Me
Patrick Wolf
The Big Pink
The Antlers
The Lighthouse and The Whaler
The Mary Onettes(a favourite of mine)
The Sounds
Two Door Cinema Club
Youth Lagoon
Wolf Gang(outstanding)
OST/Soundtrack:
Ennio Morricone
Studio Ghibli
Django Unchained
Bastion
Transistor (exquisite)
Assassin's Creed II(best OST I've ever heard from anything, a masterpiece, the AC Brotherhood and Revelations OST's are also worth listening to)
Obscure 2
Two Steps From Hell(these guys just make epic sounding tracks you'd expect to hear in film scores, and boy are they epic)
Other:
ABBA (I mean come on, how could I not? Perfect road trip songs)
The Beach Boys
Tatu
Eminem
Trans-Siberian Orchestra
Assorted Classical
Assorted Jazz (I got into jazz thanks to the great anime, Kids on The Slope)
Assorted 50's
Assorted Radio (hundreds of pre-2007 radio songs, mostly 70's/80's/90's classics, I'd love to go in and check out many of the individual bands one day but like I said at the start, too much music, too little time)